The Public Policy Process in University Internationalization: A Literlature Review.

Internationalization has become one of the main tasks of universities in global competition. The purpose of this phenomenon is to make the universities well-known and accepted in worldwide. This article describes internationalization pattern in global universities through public policy process.

From exploring literature from various sources That are internationally recognized, we have decided to conduct a research study based on the Elsevier's Scopus database. Two generic keywords used for searching information included “public policy process” and “university internationalization”, and, to narrow and specify the data, “social science” and “business, management, and accounting” were two specific terms used for exploring the most relevant literature. There were 44 articles found, but after familiarizing the information 40 articles were found most related to this study. Interestingly, several articles have been less cited or never been referred because they are rather newly published (between 2018—2020).

Based on literature review analysis, it was found that globalization is an important external factor forcing states to legislate and the universities to adjust their administrative policy and management to be more international; so that; their academic competitiveness in both national and international levels can increase. The definition of public policies aiming to internationalize the higher education system leads to the development of institutional policies at the universities level. In addition, this article also explains the roles of universities in new era in contributing to both academic fields and to the requirements of the world society, and this shows the transformation which allows universities to become proactive and responsible for the needs of the world in the 21st century.